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Loops -(For va While Tsikllar)

Nazariya​

Tsikllar dasturlashda takrorlanuvchi vazifalarni bajarish uchun ishlatiladi. Bu qismda For va While tsikllarni ko'rib chiqamiz:

  1. For loops - ma'lum miqdordagi takrorlash yoki ro'yxat ustida iteratsiya
  2. While loops - shart true bo'lgunga qadar takrorlash

For Loops​

For Loop Turlari​

  • List iteration: for item in list
  • Range loops: for i in {start..end}
  • C-style loops: for ((i=0; i<n; i++))
  • Array iteration: for element in "${array[@]}"
  • File globbing: for file in *.txt

Amaliyot​

#!/bin/bash

echo "============================================"
echo "             FOR LOOPS DEMO"
echo "============================================"

# 1. BASIC FOR LOOPS
echo "=== 1. Asosiy For Tsikllar ==="

# Simple list iteration
echo "List iteratsiyasi:"
for fruit in olma banan anjir uzum; do
    echo "   🍎 Meva: $fruit"
done
echo

# Range with numbers
echo "Raqamli diapazon:"
echo -n "   Sonlar 1-10: "
for i in {1..10}; do
    echo -n "$i "
done
echo -e "\n"

# Range with step
echo "Qadamli diapazon:"
echo -n "   Juft sonlar 2-20: "
for i in {2..20..2}; do
    echo -n "$i "
done
echo -e "\n"

# Array iteration
echo "Array iteratsiyasi:"
colors=("qizil" "ko'k" "yashil" "sariq")
for color in "${colors[@]}"; do
    echo "   🎨 Rang: $color"
done
echo

# 2. C-STYLE FOR LOOPS
echo "=== 2. C-Style For Tsikllar ==="

# Basic C-style loop
echo "C-style tsikl:"
for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do
    echo "   Iteratsiya $i"
done
echo

# Multiplication table
echo "Ko'paytirish jadvali (5):"
for ((i=1; i<=10; i++)); do
    result=$((5 * i))
    printf "   5 x %2d = %2d\n" $i $result
done
echo

# Nested loops - pattern
echo "Yulduzcha naqshi:"
for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do
    echo -n "   "
    for ((j=1; j<=i; j++)); do
        echo -n "* "
    done
    echo
done
echo

# 3. FILE ITERATION
echo "=== 3. Fayl Iteratsiyasi ==="

# Create test environment
mkdir -p test_files/{docs,images,scripts}
touch test_files/docs/{doc1.txt,doc2.pdf,readme.md}
touch test_files/images/{photo1.jpg,photo2.png,logo.gif}
touch test_files/scripts/{backup.sh,deploy.py,config.json}

echo "Test muhiti yaratildi"

# Iterate through all files
echo "Barcha fayllar:"
for file in test_files/**/*; do
    if [ -f "$file" ]; then
        echo "   📄 $file"
    fi
done
echo

# Iterate by file type
echo "Fayl turlari bo'yicha:"

echo "   📝 Matn fayllar:"
for file in test_files/**/*.{txt,md}; do
    [ -f "$file" ] && echo "      - $(basename "$file")"
done

echo "   🖼️  Rasm fayllar:"
for file in test_files/**/*.{jpg,png,gif}; do
    [ -f "$file" ] && echo "      - $(basename "$file")"
done

echo "   🔧 Script fayllar:"
for file in test_files/**/*.{sh,py}; do
    [ -f "$file" ] && echo "      - $(basename "$file")"
done
echo

# Cleanup
rm -rf test_files

# 4. ARRAY PROCESSING
echo "=== 4. Array Qayta Ishlash ==="

numbers=(5 12 8 3 15 7 20 1)
echo "Asl array: ${numbers[*]}"

# Find maximum
max=${numbers[0]}
for num in "${numbers[@]}"; do
    if [ "$num" -gt "$max" ]; then
        max=$num
    fi
done
echo "Maksimal: $max"

# Find minimum
min=${numbers[0]}
for num in "${numbers[@]}"; do
    if [ "$num" -lt "$min" ]; then
        min=$num
    fi
done
echo "Minimal: $min"

# Calculate sum
sum=0
for num in "${numbers[@]}"; do
    sum=$((sum + num))
done
echo "Yig'indi: $sum"
echo "O'rtacha: $((sum / ${#numbers[@]}))"
echo

# String array processing
echo "String array qayta ishlash:"
names=("Ahmad Karimov" "Dilshod Umarov" "Madina Tosheva")

for i in "${!names[@]}"; do
    name="${names[i]}"
    first_name="${name% *}"
    last_name="${name#* }"
    echo "   $((i+1)). $first_name $last_name"
    echo "      Ism: $first_name"
    echo "      Familiya: $last_name"
    echo "      Uzunlik: ${#name} belgi"
done
echo

# 5. PRACTICAL FOR EXAMPLES
echo "=== 5. Amaliy For Misollari ==="

# Progress bar simulation
echo "Progress bar simulatsiyasi:"
total=30
for ((i=0; i<=total; i++)); do
    percent=$((i * 100 / total))
    filled=$((i * 20 / total))
    empty=$((20 - filled))
    
    printf "\r   Progress: ["
    printf "%*s" $filled | tr ' ' '='
    printf "%*s" $empty
    printf "] %d%%" $percent
    
    sleep 0.05
done
echo -e "\n"

# Password generator
echo "Parol generatori:"
chars="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*"
password_length=12

echo "   Generatsiya qilingan parollar:"
for ((i=1; i<=3; i++)); do
    password=""
    for ((j=1; j<=password_length; j++)); do
        random_index=$((RANDOM % ${#chars}))
        password+="${chars:$random_index:1}"
    done
    echo "      $i. $password"
done
echo

# System monitoring simulation
echo "Tizim monitoring simulatsiyasi:"
echo "   Resurs ishlatilishi (3 ta o'lchov):"

for ((i=1; i<=3; i++)); do
    cpu=$((RANDOM % 100))
    memory=$((RANDOM % 100))
    disk=$((RANDOM % 100))
    timestamp=$(date '+%H:%M:%S')
    
    printf "   [%s] CPU: %2d%% | RAM: %2d%% | Disk: %2d%%\n" \
           "$timestamp" $cpu $memory $disk
    
    # Alert if high usage
    if [ $cpu -gt 90 ] || [ $memory -gt 90 ] || [ $disk -gt 90 ]; then
        echo "      ⚠️  OGOHLANTIRISH: Yuqori resurs ishlatilishi!"
    fi
    
    sleep 1
done
echo

# File batch processor
echo "Fayl batch processor:"

# Create test files
mkdir -p batch_test
for i in {1..5}; do
    echo "Content of file $i" > "batch_test/file_$i.txt"
done

echo "   📁 5 ta fayl yaratildi batch_test/ da"

processed_files=0
for file in batch_test/*.txt; do
    if [ -f "$file" ]; then
        filename=$(basename "$file")
        echo "   📄 Processing: $filename"
        
        # Simulate processing
        sleep 0.5
        
        # Add processed suffix
        mv "$file" "${file%.txt}_processed.txt"
        ((processed_files++))
        
        echo "      ✅ Completed: ${filename%.txt}_processed.txt"
    fi
done

echo "   📊 Jami qayta ishlandi: $processed_files ta fayl"
echo

# Cleanup
rm -rf batch_test

# Table generator
echo "Jadval generatori (Ko'paytirish jadvali 1-5):"

# Header
printf "   %3s |" ""
for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do
    printf "%4d" $i
done
echo

# Separator
printf "   ----+"
for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do
    printf "----"
done
echo

# Rows
for ((i=1; i<=5; i++)); do
    printf "   %3d |" $i
    for ((j=1; j<=5; j++)); do
        printf "%4d" $((i * j))
    done
    echo
done
echo

While Loops​

While Loop Xususiyatlari​

  • Shart har iteratsiyada tekshiriladi
  • Agar shart dastlab false bo'lsa, tsikl umuman ishlamaydi
  • Infinite loop yaratish mumkin
  • Input o'qish va foydalanuvchi interaksiyasi uchun ideal

Amaliyot​

#!/bin/bash

echo "============================================"
echo "            WHILE LOOPS DEMO"
echo "============================================"

# 1. BASIC WHILE LOOPS
echo "=== 1. Asosiy While Tsikllar ==="

# Simple counter
echo "Oddiy hisoblagich:"
counter=1
echo -n "   Sonlar: "
while [ $counter -le 10 ]; do
    echo -n "$counter "
    ((counter++))
done
echo -e "\n"

# Countdown timer
echo "Teskari hisoblagich:"
countdown=5
echo "   Countdown boshlanmoqda..."
while [ $countdown -gt 0 ]; do
    echo "      $countdown"
    sleep 1
    ((countdown--))
done
echo "      🚀 Ishga tushdi!"
echo

# User input validation
echo "Foydalanuvchi input validatsiyasi:"
valid_input=false
attempts=0
while [ "$valid_input" = false ] && [ $attempts -lt 3 ]; do
    ((attempts++))
    read -p "   1-10 oralig'ida raqam kiriting (urinish $attempts/3): " user_number
    
    if [[ "$user_number" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && [ "$user_number" -ge 1 ] && [ "$user_number" -le 10 ]; then
        echo "   ✅ To'g'ri: $user_number"
        valid_input=true
    else
        echo "   ❌ Noto'g'ri! Iltimos, 1-10 oralig'ida raqam kiriting."
    fi
done

if [ "$valid_input" = false ]; then
    echo "   🔒 Maksimal urinishlar tugadi!"
fi
echo

# Random number guessing game
echo "Raqam topish o'yini:"
target_number=$((RANDOM % 10 + 1))
guess=0
attempts=0
max_attempts=5

echo "   🎯 1-10 oralig'idagi raqamni toping!"

while [ $guess -ne $target_number ] && [ $attempts -lt $max_attempts ]; do
    ((attempts++))
    read -p "   Taxminingiz (urinish $attempts/$max_attempts): " guess
    
    if ! [[ "$guess" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
        echo "   ❌ Iltimos, raqam kiriting!"
        ((attempts--))  # Don't count invalid input
        continue
    fi
    
    if [ $guess -lt $target_number ]; then
        echo "   📈 Kattaroq raqam!"
    elif [ $guess -gt $target_number ]; then
        echo "   📉 Kichikroq raqam!"
    else
        echo "   🎉 To'g'ri! $attempts urinishda topdingiz!"
    fi
done

if [ $guess -ne $target_number ]; then
    echo "   💀 Yutqazdingiz! Raqam $target_number edi."
fi
echo

# 2. FILE PROCESSING WITH WHILE
echo "=== 2. While bilan Fayl Qayta Ishlash ==="

# Create sample data files
cat > users.txt << 'EOF'
Ahmad:25:Toshkent:Developer
Dilshod:30:Samarqand:Designer
Madina:28:Buxoro:Manager
Jasur:35:Namangan:Analyst
Zarina:27:Farg'ona:Tester
EOF

cat > sales.csv << 'EOF'
Date,Product,Amount,Customer
2024-01-15,Laptop,1200,Ahmad
2024-01-16,Mouse,25,Dilshod
2024-01-17,Keyboard,75,Madina
2024-01-18,Monitor,300,Jasur
2024-01-19,Laptop,1200,Zarina
EOF

echo "Test fayllar yaratildi: users.txt va sales.csv"
echo

# Process user data
echo "Foydalanuvchi ma'lumotlarini qayta ishlash:"
user_count=0
total_age=0

while IFS=':' read -r name age city job; do
    ((user_count++))
    total_age=$((total_age + age))
    echo "   👤 $name ($age yosh) - $job, $city"
done < users.txt

average_age=$((total_age / user_count))
echo
echo "   📊 Statistika:"
echo "      Jami foydalanuvchilar: $user_count"
echo "      O'rtacha yosh: $average_age"
echo

# Process CSV data
echo "CSV ma'lumotlarini qayta ishlash:"
line_number=0
total_sales=0
declare -A product_sales

while IFS=',' read -r date product amount customer; do
    ((line_number++))
    
    # Skip header
    if [ $line_number -eq 1 ]; then
        echo "   📋 Header: $date, $product, $amount, $customer"
        continue
    fi
    
    echo "   💰 $date: $customer bought $product for \$${amount}"
    total_sales=$((total_sales + amount))
    
    # Track product sales
    if [[ -n "${product_sales[$product]}" ]]; then
        product_sales[$product]=$((product_sales[$product] + amount))
    else
        product_sales[$product]=$amount
    fi
done < sales.csv

echo
echo "   📊 Sotuv statistikasi:"
echo "      Jami sotuv: \$${total_sales}"
echo "      Mahsulot bo'yicha:"

for product in "${!product_sales[@]}"; do
    echo "         $product: \$${product_sales[$product]}"
done
echo

# Cleanup
rm -f users.txt sales.csv

# 3. INTERACTIVE WHILE LOOPS
echo "=== 3. Interaktiv While Tsikllar ==="

# Simple calculator
echo "Oddiy kalkulyator (chiqish uchun 'q' yozing):"

calc_count=0
while [ $calc_count -lt 3 ]; do  # Limited for demo
    ((calc_count++))
    echo
    read -p "   Birinchi raqamni kiriting (yoki 'q'): " first_num
    
    if [ "$first_num" = "q" ]; then
        echo "   👋 Kalkulyator yopildi!"
        break
    fi
    
    if ! [[ "$first_num" =~ ^-?[0-9]+([.][0-9]+)?$ ]]; then
        echo "   ❌ Noto'g'ri raqam format!"
        continue
    fi
    
    read -p "   Operator kiriting (+, -, *, /): " operator
    read -p "   Ikkinchi raqamni kiriting: " second_num
    
    if ! [[ "$second_num" =~ ^-?[0-9]+([.][0-9]+)?$ ]]; then
        echo "   ❌ Noto'g'ri raqam format!"
        continue
    fi
    
    case "$operator" in
        "+")
            result=$((first_num + second_num))
            echo "   ✅ Natija: $first_num + $second_num = $result"
            ;;
        "-")
            result=$((first_num - second_num))
            echo "   ✅ Natija: $first_num - $second_num = $result"
            ;;
        "*")
            result=$((first_num * second_num))
            echo "   ✅ Natija: $first_num * $second_num = $result"
            ;;
        "/")
            if [ "$second_num" = "0" ]; then
                echo "   ❌ Nolga bo'lish mumkin emas!"
            else
                result=$((first_num / second_num))
                echo "   ✅ Natija: $first_num / $second_num = $result"
            fi
            ;;
        *)
            echo "   ❌ Noma'lum operator: $operator"
            ;;
    esac
done
echo

# Menu system
echo "Menu tizimi:"

menu_active=true
menu_count=0
while [ "$menu_active" = true ] && [ $menu_count -lt 3 ]; do
    ((menu_count++))
    echo
    echo "   ╔══════════════════════════════════════╗"
    echo "   ║           ASOSIY MENU                ║"
    echo "   ╠══════════════════════════════════════╣"
    echo "   ║ 1. Tizim ma'lumotlari                ║"
    echo "   ║ 2. Disk joy ko'rsatish               ║"
    echo "   ║ 3. Sana va vaqt                     ║"
    echo "   ║ 4. Chiqish                          ║"
    echo "   ╚══════════════════════════════════════╝"
    echo
    
    read -p "   Tanlovingizni kiriting (1-4): " menu_choice
    
    case $menu_choice in
        1)
            echo "   📊 Tizim ma'lumotlari:"
            echo "      OS: $(uname -o)"
            echo "      Kernel: $(uname -r)"
            echo "      Arxitektura: $(uname -m)"
            ;;
        2)
            echo "   💾 Disk joy:"
            df -h | head -3
            ;;
        3)
            echo "   🕐 Sana va vaqt:"
            echo "      $(date)"
            ;;
        4)
            echo "   👋 Xayr!"
            menu_active=false
            ;;
        *)
            echo "   ❌ Noto'g'ri tanlov: $menu_choice"
            ;;
    esac
    
    if [ "$menu_active" = true ]; then
        read -p "   Davom etish uchun Enter bosing..."
    fi
done
echo

# 4. SYSTEM MONITORING WITH WHILE
echo "=== 4. Tizim Monitoring with While ==="

# Resource monitor
echo "Resurs monitorial (3 ta o'lchov, har 2 soniyada):"

count=0
max_count=3

while [ $count -lt $max_count ]; do
    ((count++))
    timestamp=$(date '+%H:%M:%S')
    
    # Simulate system metrics
    cpu_usage=$((RANDOM % 100))
    memory_usage=$((RANDOM % 100))
    disk_usage=$((RANDOM % 100))
    network_io=$((RANDOM % 1000))
    
    printf "   [%s] " "$timestamp"
    printf "CPU: %2d%% | " $cpu_usage
    printf "RAM: %2d%% | " $memory_usage
    printf "Disk: %2d%% | " $disk_usage
    printf "Network: %3d KB/s" $network_io
    echo
    
    # Check for alerts
    alerts=()
    [ $cpu_usage -gt 90 ] && alerts+=("CPU yuqori")
    [ $memory_usage -gt 85 ] && alerts+=("RAM yuqori")
    [ $disk_usage -gt 95 ] && alerts+=("Disk to'la")
    
    if [ ${#alerts[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
        echo "      🚨 ALERT: ${alerts[*]}"
    fi
    
    # Don't sleep on last iteration
    if [ $count -lt $max_count ]; then
        sleep 2
    fi
done
echo

# Log watcher simulation
echo "Log watcher simulatsiyasi:"

# Create a growing log file
echo "Starting application..." > app.log

log_lines=0
max_lines=5

echo "   📝 Log fayl kuzatilmoqda..."

while [ $log_lines -lt $max_lines ]; do
    # Simulate new log entries
    timestamp=$(date '+%H:%M:%S')
    log_entries=("User connected" "Processing request" "Database query" "Sending response" "User disconnected")
    
    new_entry="${timestamp} INFO ${log_entries[$log_lines]}"
    echo "$new_entry" >> app.log
    echo "   📄 Yangi log: $new_entry"
    
    ((log_lines++))
    sleep 1
done

echo "   ✅ Log monitoring tugallandi"
echo

# Cleanup
rm -f app.log

echo "============================================"
echo "         FOR VA WHILE LOOPS TUGADI"
echo "============================================"